Soal Explanation Text PG dan Essay

Pada postingan kali ini, yang merupakan lanjutan dari pembahasan explanation text, kita akan mengerjakan beberapa soal latihan tentang materi explanation text.

Soal-soal berikut terdiri dari soal pilihan ganda dan essay yang telah dilengkapi dengan kunci jawaban supaya memudahkan dalam proses pengecekan ulang jawaban yang telah diberikan.

Berikut soal explanation text PG dan essay selengkapnya.

Multiple choice test

Read the text below then answer the questions.

Text 1

Can lightning strike the same place twice? Let's figure out what makes it happen in the first place.

Lighting is electricity, and electricity involves tiny particles. Some particles have a positive charge and some have a negative charge. The two opposite charges pull towards each other like the north and south ends of magnets.

Usually electric charges are fairly balanced but the turbulent winds of a storm caused electric charges to separates within the cloud.

Most lightning occurs within the cloud itself, but we're concerned about the lightning between clouds and the ground.

Lightning starts with negative charges moving from the clouds towards the ground. Scientists call it a stepped leader. Meanwhile an upward leader forms as positive charges move up from the ground usually from tall objects when a stepped leader and an upward leader meet, it makes a path for a much larger and brighter electric current to shoot up into the cloud. This is what we see in the sky as lightning. It happened so quickly that lightning seems to travel from the cloud to the ground.

When in fact the opposite is true. So, can lightning strike the same place twice? Absolutely.

For example Toronto CN Tower is struck by lightning around seventy five times each year. In fact in August 2011 the tower was shocked a record-breaking 52 times in 84 minutes. But don't worry the tower was built to withstand it. So it's a safe place to be if lightning strikes once twice or even 52 times.

source: Toronto Symphony Orchestra
https://youtu.be/Cz_uYBx1G5s

1. What does the text above explain you about?
A. The frequency of lightning strikes
B. How does lightning work?
C. How the electricity was formed?
D. How the lightning strikes the ground


2. According to the text above, how was the electricity formed?
A. Electricity was formed when negative and positive particles separated.
B. When the lightning struck the tall objects.
C. When the clouds collide.
D. When the two opposite; positive and negative charges pull towards each other.


3. What is stepped leader on the text above?
A. The negative charges from the clouds that moving to the ground.
B. The positive charges from the clouds that strikes the tall objects.
C. The clouds with electricity charges.
D. The positive charges from the ground.


4. What happens when stepped leader and upward leader meet?
A. The lightning hits the tall objects.
B. The sky is sparking.
C. The lightning travel from the cloud to the ground.
D. The lightning is formed.


5. What is the main idea of last paragraph?
A. The record of lightning strikes is 52 times in 84 minutes.
B. The lightning can strike same place more than twice.
C. Toronto CN Tower is safe place.
D. The lightning never strikes Toronto CN Tower.



Text 2

How Does Rain From and What Is The Water Cycle?

Let's look at the size of rain and how raindrops fall first.

We'll need the Sun when the Sun shines on water on the Earth's surface, the heat of the Sun warms the water turning it into an invisible gas called water vapour. 

This process the changing of water into a gas is called evaporation because gases are lighter than liquids. Water vapor rises up into the sky and the further you move up and away from the Earth's surface the colder temperature gets, so in the sky the water vapor cools and changes back into tiny water droplets. This change is called condensation, and it is the opposite of evaporation.

Clouds are made up of tiny water droplets so when condensation occurs in the sky clouds form and grow. When water droplets bump into one another they stick together and grow in size they continue to grow until they are too heavy and fall as rain. They even grows they bump into one another on their journey from the cloud to the ground and every single raindrop that reaches the ground is made up of 1 million of the original tiny water droplets.

Raindrops fall on the ground surface or the Sun can shine on them and the whole process happens again. This is called the water cycle and keeps water moving from the ground to the sky providing the water needed for plants animals and people to survive.

source: Met Office - Weather
https://youtu.be/zBnKgwnn7i4

6. What does vapour mean?
A. Invisible gas of the Sun.
B. Very tiny particle of water in the air.
C. Gas particle in the air.
D. The atmosphere.


7. What makes water turn into vapour?
A. The air
B. The clouds
C. The Sun
D. The Earth


8. From the first paragraph we can conclude . . . . .
A. The size of rain and how raindrops fall.
B. The Sun produces the invisible gas.
C. The Sun is the main factor of evaporation process.
D. Water turns into gas because of Earth's surface.


9. the changing of water into a gas is called evaporation (second paragraph)
The underlined word is the antonym of . . . . .
A. solidification
B. condensation
C. desiccation
D. vaporisation


10. Why does water vapor change into water droplets in the sky?
A. Because the temperature isn't cold.
B. Because the temperature is hot.
C. Because the temperature is sizzling.
D. Because the temperature is frosty.


11. The process of changing from water vapor into water droplets is . . . . .
A. solidification
B. condensation
C. desiccation
D. evaporation


12. What will happen when condensation occur in the sky?
A. Clouds will evaporate.
B. Clouds will form and grow.
C. Clouds will make tiny water droplets.
D. The rain will fall from the sky.


13. According to the text, what is final process before the rain falls?
A. Clouds form and grow.
B. Water droplets bond one another.
C. Clouds bump into one another they stick together.
D. Water evaporates to the sky.


14. . . . their journey from the cloud to the ground . . .
The word their refers to . . . . .
A. Rain
B. Condensation
C. Clouds
D. Water droplets


15. What does the last paragraph tell you about?
A. Plants, animals and people need water to survive.
B. Raindrops fall on the ground.
C. Water cycle.
D. The process of water moving from the ground to the sky.


Text 3

How Do Planes Fly?

It's a plane, an object what can weigh up to 500 tons. How can a giant piece of metal fly and stay up in the sky? 

For a plane to stay in flight it needs four forces to work together. Thrust, lift, weight or gravity and drag.

Thrust is what keeps the plane moving forward. Depending on the plane there are different methods to produce thrust. Jets will use its jet engine while other planes such as a crop duster will use a propeller.

Lift is what keeps the plane up and is one of the reasons why a plane has wings shaped the way they are. Many plane's wings are curved at the top and smoother at the bottom. This allows the air passing over the wing to move faster which decreases the air pressure since the air pressure above the wing is lower than the air pressure below the wing. It causes the plane to lift.

Drag is the force that slows the plane down. You've probably experienced drag when you had to walk against the strong wind or have gone skiing down a hill.

For a plane to stay in flight it must have stronger lift than drag similar to how the wings help with increasing lift, the shape of the wings will also help with decreasing drag.

Weight is caused by gravity and is what forces the plane down. The plane is designed the way it is to distribute the weight evenly throughout rather than concentrated in specific areas.

When all four forces are working together this causes the plane to fly lift and weight work together to move the plane up and down, while thrust and drag work together to speed and slow the plane down.

Lastly you should always have a pilot just like a captain steers a ship the pilot steers the plane to its final destination so that answer how the planes fly.

source: Thinking Captain
https://youtu.be/wFTHh-6jIT8

16. What makes planes fly?
A. Thrust, lift, gravity, drag.
B. Wings, wind, and pilot.
C. Thrust, gravity, wings, winds.
D. Pilot, engine, wings and air.


17. Thrust is what keeps the plane moving forward. (first paragraph)
The word thrust has same meaning with . . . . .
A. Energy
B. Power
C. Aerodynamic
D. Driving force


18. According to the text, why are the plane's wings smooth at the bottom part?
A. Because it allows the planes to fly smoothly.
B. To decrease the air pressure.
C. Because it allows the air passing over the wing to move slower.
D. To increase the air pressure.


19. Based on the text, what is the function of drag force?
A. To lift the plane.
B. To slow the air pressure on the plane.
C. To decelerate the plane down.
D. To protect the plane from strong wind.


20. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?
A. The function of gravity.
B. How a plane flies.
C. How the weight force works.
D. How the four forces work together to fly the plane.

Essay

Answer the following questions based on the texts above.

1. What is the function of the first paragraph of each text above?

2. Write one passive voice from text 1.

3. Find the simple present tense (verbal sentences) in the first paragraph of text 2.

4. Write down two examples of passive voice in the second paragraph of the text 2.

5. Find the conjunction of cause and effect in the text 3.

Kunci jawaban

Berikut kunci jawaban untuk soal explanation text PG dan essay di atas.

Multiple choice test

1. B. How does lightning work?
2. D. When the two opposite; positive and negative charges pull towards each other.
3. A. The negative charges from the clouds that moving to the ground.
4. D. The lightning is formed. 
5. B. The lightning can strike same place more than twice. 

6. B. Very tiny particle of water in the air.
7. C. The Sun
8. C. The Sun is the main factor of evaporation process.
9. A. solidification
10. D. Because the temperature is frosty.

11. B. condensation
12. B. Clouds form and grow.
13. B. Water droplets bond one another.
14. D. Water droplets
15. C. Water cycle.

16. A. Thrust, lift, gravity, drag.
17. D. Driving force
18. B. To decrease the air pressure.
19. C. To decelerate the plane down.
20. C. How the weight force works.

Essay

1. As general statement, to state the thing we're going to explain.

2. Toronto CN Tower is struck by lightning around seventy five times each year.

3. The Sun shines on water on the Earth's surface.
The heat of the Sun warms the water.

4. This process the changing of water into a gas is called evaporation.
This change is called condensation.

5. the reasons why.


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